Political Events From 1940 to 1947

2nd Year Pakistan Studies Notes

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Political Events From 1940 to 1947



INTRODUCTION



The era from 1940 to 1947 is the era of rapid changes.Many important
events in the most prominent among them.In the past,the demand of
Pakistan was not raised clearly.It was due to Muslim achievements in
this period that now we are living in a sovereign and independent
state.The political events from Pakistan Resolution to the establishment
of Pakistan are summarized under:

1940



23rd March-Pakistan Resolution



The attitude of the Hindus made it clear that the Hindus and the
Muslims were two separate nations.On March 23rd ,at the annual session
of Muslim League at Lahore,the famous resolution,commonly known as the
Pakistan Resolution was passed.It was presented by Maulvi Fazlul
Haq.Quiad-e-Azam said in his address:

"By all means Muslims are one nation and they need a separate
homeland where they could live their
spiritual,cultural,economical,social and political lives independently."

8th August -August Offer



It was proposed to enlarged governor general councils to include
members from political parties.War Advisory Committee was also
launched.Both league and Congress rejected the offer.

1942



12th -15th April-Civil Disobedience Movement



28th session of League was held at Madras in which a resolution was
adopted on Civil Disobedience Movement launched by Congress.

23rd March-Crisp Mission



Sir Stafford Cripps was sent by the British Government to India,to
discuss with Indian leaders,the future Indian Constitutions.His proposal
was rejected by both the Congress and the League.The Congress
Characterized them us "a post-dated cheque on a failing bank."Jinnah
said that if these were accepted "Muslims would become a minority in
their majority provinces as well."

8th Ugust-Quit India



Congress initiated it against British,it was "open rebellion" due to
which many people were killed League raised a slogan of "Divide and
Quite India".

1943



27th December-Action Committee



It was formed to prepare and organized Muslims of India for coming struggle for acievements of Pakistan.

1944



9th September-Gandhi Jinnah Talks



Gandhi held talks with Jinnah to discuss about the future of India,but
no fruitful results came out of it because Gandhi did not accept
Muslims as a separate nation.

"The wall between Jinnah and Gandhi was the Two Nation Theory."

1945



25th June-Simla Conference



Lord Wavell called a conference at Simla.The conference failed to
achieve any purpose due to one sided attitude of Lord Wavell.In this
conference ,Quiad-e-Azam made it crystal clear that the Muslim League
can represent Muslim of India.

2nd December General Elections



Elections for the central and provincial assemblies were held in
1945-1946 in which Muslim League won 30 seats of central legislative
meant for Muslims and 430 seats out of 495 in the provincial legislative
.Quiad-e-Azam said on this occasion:

"I have no boubt now in the acheivement of Pakistan.The Muslims of
India told the world what they want .No power of world can topple the
opinion of 10 crore Muslims of India."

1946



24th March-Cabinet Mission



Cabinet Mission visited India in 1946 and submitted its
recommendations to the Britishers .As a result Interium Government was
formed but Congress and league couldn't co-operate amongst themselves.

8th-9th April-Delhi Convention



Quaid-e-Azam called a convention of all Muslims Leaguue members at
Delhi.At the convention every member took the pledge to under go any
danger for the attainment of national goal of Pakistan.

16th August-Direct Action Day



League withdraw its acceptance of Cabinet Mission and Direct Action
Day was observed peacefully throughout India,except in Culcutta,where
riots broke out.

1947



3rd June -3rd June Plan



Lord Mount Batten prepared the plan for transference of power
according to the wish of people.He emphasized on the partition of
country and told that it was the only solution of the Indian political
deadlock.Both League and Congress accepted the plan.

18th July-Indian Independence Act



In july ,the British parliament passed the Indian Independence act
which was enforced promptly.The Muslims of the Sub Continent finally
succeeded in carrying out an independent Islamic State for Muslims.

14th August -Transfer of Power



The transfer of power ceremony was held in Karachi.On August
15,Quaid-e-Azam was sworn in as Governer General of Pakistan and Mr.
Liaqat Ali Khan was appointed his Prime Minister.

"That was the culmination of a long struggle which the Muslims of
the South Asian Sub Continent had weged for a separate homeland in the
name of Islam."